大学英语不定式动名词PPT
不定式和动名词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式,它们在句子中可以充当不同的成分,具有各自独特的功能和用法。不定式(Infinitive)不定式是由动词原形...
不定式和动名词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式,它们在句子中可以充当不同的成分,具有各自独特的功能和用法。不定式(Infinitive)不定式是由动词原形加上不定式符号“to”构成的。不定式可以表达目的、原因、结果等多种逻辑关系。在句子中,不定式可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。用作主语不定式作主语时,通常用于表达一种普遍真理或习惯性动作。为了避免头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而将真正的主语(不定式)置于句尾。例如:To learn a foreign language well takes a lot of time and effortIt is necessary to finish the homework on time用作宾语不定式可以用作动词和某些形容词的宾语。例如:I want to buy a new carShe is ready to help others用作定语不定式可以用作定语,修饰名词或代词。例如:The decision to leave was made by himThe book to be read is very interesting用作状语不定式可以用作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。例如:He went to the library to borrow some books. (目的状语)I'm sorry to hear that. (原因状语)He was too tired to walk any further. (结果状语)动名词(Gerund)动名词是由动词原形加上-ing构成的。动名词具有名词的特性,可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语和表语。用作主语动名词作主语时,通常表示一种抽象的行为或习惯。例如:Reading is a good hobbyDancing is her favorite sport用作宾语动名词可以用作动词和某些介词的宾语。例如:I enjoy playing tennisThank you for helping me用作定语动名词可以用作定语,修饰名词。例如:The swimming pool is open every dayThe sleeping child looks very cute用作表语动名词可以用作系动词的表语,表示主语的特征或状态。例如:My hobby is collecting stampsWhat he said is very encouraging总之,不定式和动名词在英语中各自扮演着重要的角色。掌握它们的用法和区别对于提高英语表达能力具有重要意义。