专四主语从句的知识PPT
主语从句,即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子,通常位于主句谓语动词之前,表示某一复杂概念作为整体被视作句子的主语。主语从句可以由连词that,whether,...
主语从句,即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子,通常位于主句谓语动词之前,表示某一复杂概念作为整体被视作句子的主语。主语从句可以由连词that,whether,if和关系代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever及关系副词how,when,where等引导。主语从句不可位于句首,而是用it作形式主语,将真正的主语从句置于句末。主语从句的定义主语从句是一个完整的句子作为主语,表达一个复杂的概念或信息。主语从句的主要功能是充当复合句的主语,对整个句子进行陈述或描述。主语从句的引导词1. 连词that引导主语从句时,通常不省略。它引导的从句可以是陈述句、疑问句或否定句whether/if用于引导表示疑问的主语从句,意为“是否”2. 关系代词what引导主语从句时,表示“……所……的”who/whom/whose引导主语从句时,分别表示“人”、“人的宾格”和“人的……的”which引导主语从句时,表示“哪一个”或“哪一些”whatever/whoever相当于“any...that”或“all...that”,引导主语从句时,表示“任何……的”或“所有……的”3. 关系副词how/when/where引导主语从句时,分别表示方式、时间和地点主语从句的语序主语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即主语+谓语+其他成分。例如:“That he will come to the party is certain.”(他会来参加聚会是确定的。)主语从句的省略当主语从句较长时,为了避免头重脚轻,通常会用形式主语“it”来替代真正的主语从句,而将真正的主语从句放在句末。例如:“It is a pity that he didn't come to the party.”(很遗憾他没有来参加聚会。)主语从句与谓语动词的一致主语从句作为复合句的主语,其谓语动词的数应与主语从句中的主语保持一致。例如:“Whether he will come to the party is still unknown.”(他是否会来参加聚会还不清楚。)主语从句的常见错误1. 引导词使用不当例如,使用“what”引导主语从句时,误用为“which”。正确的句子是:“What he said made me angry.”(他说的话让我生气。)2. 语序错误主语从句应使用陈述句语序,而不是疑问句或倒装句语序。例如,错误的句子是:“How can he solve the problem is unknown.”(他不知道如何解决这个问题。)正确的句子是:“It is unknown how he can solve the problem.”(他如何解决这个问题还不知道。)3. 主谓不一致主语从句的谓语动词应与主语从句中的主语保持一致。例如,错误的句子是:“Who is the man that is standing at the door?”(站在门口的那个人是谁?)正确的句子是:“Who is the man that is standing at the door?”(站在门口的那个人是谁?)主语从句的练习1. 选择填空_______ will be our monitor is not known yet.A. Who B. Whom C. Whose D. That_______ he will come to the party is not certain.A. If B. Whether C. That D. What_______ surprised me most was that he could speak three languages.A. What B. Who C. Which D. That2. 句子改错IncorrectHow he solved the problem is a mystery.Correct: It is a mystery how he solved the problemIncorrectWho is the man standing there?Correct: Who is the man that is standing there?IncorrectThat whether he will come to the party is not sure.Correct: Whether he will come to the party is not sure主语从句的应用场景主语从句在实际语言应用中非常广泛,可以用于描述事件、阐述观点、提出问题等。在学术论文、新闻报道、文学作品等各种文体中都能见到主语从句的身影。1. 学术论文在学术论文中,主语从句常用于提出研究问题、阐述研究目的或介绍研究背景。例如:“The question of whether exercise can improve mental health has been widely studied.”(运动是否能改善心理健康这个问题已经得到了广泛的研究。)2. 新闻报道