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屠呦呦，女，汉族，中共党员，药学家。1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波，1951年考入北京大学，在医学院药学系生药专业就读。1955年，毕业于北京医学院。...

屠呦呦，女，汉族，中共党员，药学家。1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波，1951年考入北京大学，在医学院药学系生药专业就读。1955年，毕业于北京医学院。毕业后曾接受中医培训两年半，并一直在中国中医研究院工作，期间晋升为硕士生导师、博士生导师。现为中国中医科学院的首席科学家，“青蒿素研究开发中心”主任，“共和国勋章”获得者。屠呦呦多年从事中药和中西药结合研究，突出贡献是创制新型抗疟药青蒿素和双氢青蒿素。1972年成功提取到了一种分子式为C15H22O5的无色结晶体，命名为青蒿素。2015年10月获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，理由是她发现了青蒿素，该药品可以有效降低疟疾患者的死亡率。她成为第一位获科学类诺奖的中国本土科学家。In Chinese, "Tu Youyou" is the name of a female Chinese pharmacologist who has made outstanding contributions to the research and development of new antimalarial drugs, especially artemisinin and its derivatives. Her research has significantly improved the treatment of malaria, one of the world's deadliest diseases, and has saved millions of lives. Tu Youyou's work has been recognized worldwide, and she is the first Chinese scientist to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Early Life and EducationTu Youyou was born on December 30, 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, China. She studied at Peking University in the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and was awarded a bachelor's degree in 1955. Before her graduation, she had completed two-and-a-half years of traditional Chinese medicine training and had begun working at the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, which is now part of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Research and Development of ArtemisininDuring her research career, Tu Youyou focused on the identification and development of novel drugs from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat malaria and other infectious diseases. Her team identified artemisinin, a compound extracted from the leaves of the Artemisia annua plant, as a potent antimalarial agent. Artemisinin is now widely used in combination with other drugs to treat malaria, significantly reducing mortality rates and preventing the spread of the disease.Global ImpactThe impact of Tu Youyou's work has been felt worldwide. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been adopted as the recommended treatment for malaria by the World Health Organization (WHO). Millions of lives have been saved as a result of ACT treatment, which has been used to treat over 200 million cases of malaria globally. Tu Youyou's discovery has had a significant impact on global health, especially in African countries where malaria is endemic.Awards and RecognitionTu Youyou's work has been recognized with numerous awards and honors. In 2011, she was awarded the Lasker Award for clinical research, which is considered one of the highest honors in medical science. In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with William C. Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura for their discoveries of new drugs against neglected tropical diseases. Tu Youyou is also a recipient of the Albert Lasker Award for Public Service and numerous other honors and awards.