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The Vikings were a group of Scandinavian seafarers and explorers who dominate...

The Vikings were a group of Scandinavian seafarers and explorers who dominated the North Atlantic region from the 8th to 11th centuries. They were known for their fearless raids, seafaring skills, and ingenious boats. The Vikings‘ Rule in Iceland and Greenland is one of the most important events in the history of the region.The Settlement of IcelandThe first Vikings to arrive in Iceland were probably fugitives from Norway who established themselves in the country during the reign of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway. These settlers were primarily farmers who arrived in Iceland with their animals and began to establish farms along the coasts. The first permanent settlement in Iceland was likely established around 870 AD, and over the next century, the population of Iceland continued to grow as more Scandinavians arrived.The Settlement of GreenlandThe first Vikings to arrive in Greenland were led by Erik the Red. Erik was a Norwegian explorer who had been expelled from Iceland for manslaughter. He sailed westward from Iceland and discovered a large island he called Greenland, most likely to attract more settlers to the area. Erik's settlement in Greenland was located at Brattahlid, and over the next few centuries, the Vikings established additional farms throughout the island.The Vikings' Rule in Iceland and GreenlandThe Vikings' rule in Iceland and Greenland was based on a chieftain system that was common in Scandinavia at the time. The chieftains were responsible for leading their people in battle, presiding over legal disputes, and maintaining order within their respective communities. The chieftains' power was not absolute, as they had to answer to the community and its elders in matters of governance.The Vikings'Rule in Iceland and Greenland was also characterized by its unique judicial system. The Norse legal system was based on the concept of compensation, where wrongdoers had to pay compensation to the injured party to maintain harmony within the community. This judicial system remained in place until the 10th century, when Icelandic lawmen were replaced by a Danish-Norwegian king as the official ruler of Iceland.Decline of the Viking RuleThe Viking Rule in Iceland and Greenland gradually declined during the 11th century as Christianity became more prevalent in Scandinavia. This religious conversion was accompanied by a cultural and economic transformation that led to the development of more centralized governments in Scandinavia. As a result, power shifted from local chieftains to central authorities, and the Viking Age gradually came to an end.The Vikings'Rule in Iceland and Greenland played a significant role in the history of the North Atlantic region. These fearless seafarers established successful settlements that changed the demographics and cultural landscape of these areas. Their unique judicial system and chieftain-based governance structure were instrumental in maintaining order within their respective communities. Although their rule ultimately came to an end, their impact on the history of Iceland and Greenland remains indelible.