大数据和社交媒体英文PPT
Big DataBig Data, also known as "Giant Data" or "Massive Data", refers to the...
Big DataBig Data, also known as "Giant Data" or "Massive Data", refers to the extremely large and complex datasets that are difficult to process using traditional data processing applications. These datasets can be unstructured or structured and come from a wide range of sources. The emergence of Big Data has facilitated novel research across various fields and led to the development of new statistical methods that do not rely on traditional sampling techniques. Instead, Big Data analysis focuses on observing and tracking what is happening, often involving datasets that are too large to be processed by traditional software within acceptable timeframes.The growth in Big Data can be attributed to technological advancements, the ease of publishing new data, and the increasing demand for transparency from governments and organizations worldwide. Fields such as meteorology, genomics, neural networks, complex physical simulations, and biological and environmental research often face limitations in data analysis due to the sheer size of their datasets. Similarly, areas like web search, finance, and economic informatics are also impacted by the increasing size of datasets.These datasets are often collected from various sources, including mobile devices equipped with sensors, remote sensing technologies, software logs, cameras, microphones, RFID tags, and wireless sensor networks. The capacity to store data has doubled every 40 months since the 1980s, and as of 2012, the world was generating 2.5 exabytes of data every day. Managing and analyzing such vast datasets requires the use of software that can run simultaneously on tens, hundreds, or even thousands of servers (known as computer clusters).The definition of Big Data depends on the capabilities of the organization holding the data and the software they use for analysis. For some organizations, facing a dataset for the first time that is hundreds of gigabytes in size may require them to rethink their data management options. For others, datasets may need to reach tens or hundreds of terabytes before they become a challenge.The rise of Big Data has presented numerous opportunities but has also raised concerns about privacy. Big Data often contains personal information, and existing privacy laws and policies may not be sufficient to address these new challenges. Questions have been raised about whether individuals have a "right to be forgotten," or the ability to request that certain information about them is not retained by data companies. In the era of Big Data, information is often controlled by a few internet giants, and there are concerns about the legitimacy of data collection and control.Social MediaSocial Media refers to internet-based platforms that enable users to share opinions, insights, experiences, and perspectives. These platforms, such as social networking sites, microblogs, wechat, blogs, forums, and podcasts, have become integral parts of people's daily lives. The content shared on social media has become a significant part of internet browsing and often generates popular topics of discussion among users. Traditional media outlets have also started to follow these trends.The emergence of social media can be attributed to the development of WEB 2.0 technologies. These platforms are driven by the active participation and contribution of a large number of users. Without the active engagement of a critical mass of users and the spontaneous sharing of content, social media would not exist. The growth of social media has been fueled by the increasing desire of individuals to interact, express themselves, and connect with others.One of the most notable examples of social media's impact is the rapid spread of information. Messages shared on platforms like Twitter can be filtered and retweeted, reaching a global audience within minutes. This was demonstrated in 2009 when a new stranger chat website, launched with little notice, received 150,000 unique daily visitors within 20 days, thanks to the sharing and retweeting of its link by Twitter users.The power of social media lies in its ability to connect people, create communities, and drive social change. However, it also raises concerns about privacy, security, and the potential for misinformation to spread rapidly. Despite these challenges, social media continues to evolve and play a crucial role in shaping how we communicate and interact in the digital age.
